Lock body:

This is the outer casing of the electromagnetic lock, typically made from high-strength aluminum alloy, zinc alloy, or stainless steel. It offers good durability and strength, capable of withstanding impact and tensile forces, and protects internal circuits and components from external environmental factors.
- The surface of the lock body is usually treated for rust and corrosion resistance, using methods such as anodizing or spraying, to adapt to different installation environments and extend its service life.

Electromagnetic coil:

This is the core component of the electromagnetic lock, generally made by winding enameled wire. When powered, the coil generates a strong magnetic field that creates the holding force needed to lock a door or object.
- Factors such as the number of turns, wire diameter, and material affect the strength and stability of the lock’s magnetic force. High-quality coils often use high-purity copper to reduce resistance and increase electromagnetic efficiency.

Armature plate:

Typically made of ferromagnetic material such as soft iron or silicon steel, the armature plate works in conjunction with the lock body. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the magnetic field attracts the armature plate, which tightly adheres to the lock body, thereby achieving the locking function.
- The shape and size of the armature are designed according to the structure of the lock and the application scenario to ensure consistent and reliable magnetic attraction and fast response to changes in the magnetic field.

Control circuit:

This controls the power supply to the electromagnetic lock, enabling locking and unlocking. It usually includes a power interface, switching circuit, and signal processing circuit.
- The control circuit can receive unlocking signals through various input devices such as manual buttons, card readers, fingerprint scanners, or keypads. It can also be integrated with access control and security systems for remote and automated control.
- Advanced control circuits may include features such as overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, and undervoltage protection to ensure the electromagnetic lock operates safely and stably under complex electrical conditions.

Power supply:

- Provides electrical energy to the electromagnetic lock so that the coil can function properly. Common power types include direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC).
- DC power supplies typically use 12V or 24V, offering high stability and low electromagnetic interference, making them suitable for high-security environments like banks or server rooms. AC power is usually 220V and is converted by an adapter to the voltage required by the electromagnetic lock.
- To ensure continued operation during power outages, some electromagnetic lock systems include backup power sources such as rechargeable batteries to provide temporary power.